Optimism bias

In your BIG TOM driving instructor training, you will be invited to consider not only how you perceive risk but how you can have discussions with your pupils about their perceptions.
Take driving on country roads for example.  Some pupils will not necessarily be considering the possible outcomes of not setting the speed for the driving conditions.  They may have what is termed "optimism bias" which means they tend to view their driving outcomes in a more favourable light than others might.  It can be potentially dangerous if it prevents them from following key safe driving concepts such as braking before a country bend, not on it.
It can, of course, go the other way too, a pupil may display behaviour which is risk-averse as they tend to bias their thoughts around the worst-case scenario.  These pupils might suffer from anxiety and emotional stresses which can affect their ability to drive.
Often the consequences to the pupil's driving ability will go un-noticed by them once they are driving alone.  Either other road users may take avoiding action for the drop in driving performance by your pupil, or perhaps the design of the road infrastructure absorbs any error by accommodating the fault.  Potentially your pupil could be narrowly avoiding collisions without any appreciation of the fact (unconsciously incompetent).  A particular set of less forgiving circumstances can lead to a collision.

There is an art to creating conversations with pupils about such subjects.  This kind of 'inward thinking' is not natural for all and especially not to discuss with a driving instructor.  That is why you will get guidance in your BIG TOM driving instructor training on how to create these conversations.